The position and role of state leaders during significant periods of being in power changes significantly as a result of natural processes of phenotypic adaptation, as a result of which progressive processes in the initial period are gradually transformed into regressive ones. Since the processes of phenotypic adaptation of leaders cannot be stopped in accordance with the laws of biology, they can only be interrupted by periodic rotation. Read more
Read MoreThe modern classification of thermodynamic systems considers thermodynamic processes occurring both within thermodynamic systems and between thermodynamic systems. These processes differ in their regularity, which must be taken into account when analyzing the functioning of machines as thermodynamic systems. The article describes the main patterns of processes occurring in thermodynamic systems and their consideration in the operation of various machine designs. thermodynamic properties of machines
Read MoreThe article describes the thermodynamic operating conditions of all types of machines as nonequilibrium thermodynamic systems of the active type, which allows a new assessment of their properties, as well as the functions of spool valves and other devices that ensure their continuous operation. On some principal
Read MoreТермодинамика биологических систем 2006Термодинамика биологических систем представляет собой раздел термодинамики, описывающий функционирование биологических систем активного типа, т.е. преобразующих энергию продуктов питания и других источников энергии посредством непрерывного чередования циклов биохимических реакций, основным из которых является синтез и расщепление АТФ. Зтот принцип функционирования обеспечивает живым организмам свойства фенотипической адаптации и ряд других.
Read MoreTraditionally, scientific research in biology, medicine, as well as ecology is based on methods of observation and experiments. This does not allow us to determine the actual processes occurring in living organisms and their patterns, but only to make certain assumptions. As a result, the definition of life, the function of homeostasis, biorhythms and others still do not have an unambiguous understanding, and the solution of problems is carried out through numerous experiments, often not leading to concrete results. This paper analyzes the functioning of living organisms from the perspective of modern physics, or rather nonequilibrium thermodynamics, which is the […]
Read MoreHomeostasis and its role in the functioning of living organisms as non-equilibrium thermodynamic systems have been carefully investigated. The author tends to prove that homeostasis remains as a desire of a living organism to be closer to an optimal equilibrium thermodynamic state, depending on the conditions of its functioning. Simultaneously, a few definitions are clarified, such as the principle of life activity of living organisms, a living organism, life, the purpose of life, as well as the property of loss and restoration of functions. CONTINUE READING
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